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Europe
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Biofuels Under the Renewable Energy Directive
A plain guide to how the Renewable Energy Directive treats biofuel feedstocks: Annex IX Parts A and B, the 1.7%…
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Europe’s Forests and the Wood-Based Bioeconomy
A plain guide to the EU Forest Strategy for 2030, what the forest-based bioeconomy covers, where member states push back,…
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Bioplastics in the EU Plastics Strategy
Bioplastics in the EU are guided by a non-binding 2022 policy framework rather than one dedicated law. See what it…
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Farming Policy and the Bioeconomy: The CAP Connection
The CAP does not have a bioeconomy chapter, but its payments, eco-schemes and environmental rules shape the land and forests…
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Sustainability Criteria for Biomass in the EU
RED III tightened the EU sustainable biomass criteria. See what changed from RED II, how the Article 29(15) grandfathering clause…
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National Bioeconomy Strategies Across European Countries
A plain-language look at the JRC’s September 2025 count of national bioeconomy strategies across 43 European countries, and how to…